Ophthalmic tests are specialized examinations of the eye to detect or monitor eye diseases such as glaucoma, cataracts, or macular degeneration. These tests may include slit-lamp exams, visual acuity tests, or retinal imaging. They help evaluate the structure and function of the eyes to ensure optimal vision and eye health.
Mammography is a specialized X-ray imaging technique used to detect breast abnormalities, such as tumors or calcifications, at an early stage. It is the primary screening tool for breast cancer and can identify changes in breast tissue before symptoms develop. Routine mammograms are recommended for women, especially those at higher risk for breast cancer.
Dental imaging includes a variety of techniques like X-rays, CT scans, and panoramic imaging used by dentists to view structures not visible during a regular exam. These images help in diagnosing dental issues such as cavities, bone loss, impacted teeth, and infections. They are essential in planning treatments like braces, root canals, or extractions.
A stress test, often known as a treadmill test or exercise ECG, evaluates how the heart performs under physical stress. It involves monitoring the heart's electrical activity, blood pressure, and heart rate while the patient exercises. This test helps diagnose conditions like coronary artery disease, heart rhythm abnormalities, and general cardiovascular health.
A DEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) scan measures bone density and is the most common test for diagnosing osteoporosis. It uses low-dose X-rays to determine bone mineral content in areas such as the spine, hip, and forearm. The scan helps assess fracture risk and monitor bone health, especially in postmenopausal women and older adults.
A BMD test, typically done using a DEXA scan, measures the concentration of minerals like calcium in bones to determine bone strength. It is used to diagnose conditions like osteoporosis and assess the risk of bone fractures. Regular BMD tests help monitor changes in bone density over time, especially in individuals at risk for bone thinning.